2023年考研英語大綱與去年相比有變化，新增15個(gè)單詞，趁著沖刺階段還有時(shí)間趕緊背，詞匯包括ascribe，benevolent，broker等，下面我們來看詳細(xì)的新增詞匯和解釋，供參考！
2023年英語二大綱新增15個(gè)詞匯如下：
1、ascribe v.將...歸因于
【例句】
1）把…歸因于；認(rèn)為…是由于
He ascribed his failure to bad luck.他認(rèn)為自己的失敗是運(yùn)氣不好。
2）認(rèn)為…是（某人）所寫
This play is usually ascribed to Shakespeare.通常認(rèn)為這部劇是莎士比亞所寫。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
Rather,we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures(so especially its language structures)and various kinds of background,social knowledge,belief and attitude that we bring to the text.
2、benevolent adj.仁慈的
【例句】
1）慈善的；仁慈的；樂善好施的
The company has proved to be a most benevolent employer.結(jié)果證明該公司是一個(gè)非常仁慈的雇主。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
Well,I believe there's a benevolent future with AI.I also think you watch too many science fiction films.
3、broker n.經(jīng)紀(jì)人v.協(xié)商，調(diào)停
【例句】
1）經(jīng)紀(jì)人；掮客
an insurance broker保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人
【真題再現(xiàn)】
“Instead of 20 to 30 offers,now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Tealdi,a Bay Area real-estate broker.
4、buffer n.緩沖器，緩沖區(qū)v.緩沖
【例句】
1）緩沖物；起緩沖作用的
Support from family and friends acts as a buffer against stress.家庭和朋友的支持有助于減緩壓力。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
researchers calculated that the stress-buffering effects of hugging explained 32 percent of that beneficial effect.Even among those who got a cold,those who felt greater social supportand received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms.
5、choir n.唱詩班，合唱團(tuán)
【例句】
1）（教堂的）唱詩班；（公開演出的）合唱團(tuán)，歌唱隊(duì)
She sings in the school choir.她是校合唱隊(duì)的成員。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
a desperate man walk by a store as a small choir sings"point him to the jewelry so he won"t buy a"vacuum"
6、chunk n.厚塊兒，大部分v.將...分成幾個(gè)部分
【例句】
1）厚塊；厚片；大塊
a chunk of cheese一塊厚厚的奶酪
2）相當(dāng)大的量
I've already written a fair chunk of the article.我已寫出文章的大部分。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data.
7、custody n.監(jiān)管，拘留，監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)
【例句】
1）監(jiān)護(hù)；保管；監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)；保管權(quán)
The divorce court awarded custody to the child's mother.離婚法庭把監(jiān)護(hù)權(quán)判給了孩子的母親。
2）（尤指在候?qū)彆r(shí)的）拘留，拘押，羈押
【真題再現(xiàn)】
暫時(shí)沒找到
8、decree n.法令，政令；v.裁決，頒布
【例句】
1）法令；政令
to issue/sign a decree頒布╱簽署法令
2）（法院的）裁定，判決
3）裁定；判決；頒布
The government decreed a state of emergency.政府下令進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
暫時(shí)沒找到
9、discharge n.v.解雇、排放、放電、開火、卸貨、償還債務(wù)...
【例句】
1）準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開；解雇
Patients were being discharged from the hospital too early.病人都過早獲準(zhǔn)出院。
2）釋放
He was conditionally discharged after admitting the theft.他承認(rèn)偷盜行為后被有條件地釋放了。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
暫時(shí)沒找到
10、eradicate v.根除，消滅，杜絕
【例句】
1）根除；消滅；杜絕
We are determined to eradicate racism from our sport.
我們決心要杜絕體育競(jìng)技活動(dòng)中的種族歧視現(xiàn)象。
近義表達(dá)：wipe out
【真題再現(xiàn)】
Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger,from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers.Here,too,the problems are social:the organization and distribution of food,wealth and prosperity.
11、hybrid n.雜交動(dòng)植物，混合物；adj.雜交的，混合的
【例句】
1）雜種動(dòng)物；雜交植物；雜種
hybrid rice雜交水稻
2）（不同事物的）混合物，合成物
The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song.這種音樂融合了西方流行音樂和傳統(tǒng)民歌。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
This curious hybrid certainly has its strengths.Americans have more choice than anybody else,and their health-care system is much more innovative.
12、landscape n.風(fēng)景，局面v.對(duì)...做景觀美化
【例句】
1）（陸上，尤指鄉(xiāng)村的）風(fēng)景，景色
an urban/industrial landscape都市/工業(yè)景觀
【真題再現(xiàn)】
assumingyou're lost in an area humanstend tofrequent,look for the【marks】weleaveon the landscape.
13、pottery n.陶器，陶藝
【例句】
1）陶器（尤指手工制的）
a piece of pottery一件陶制品
2）陶土
3）制陶手藝；制陶技藝
4）制陶作坊；陶窯；陶器工廠
【真題再現(xiàn)】
on the basis of inadequate information,that farming,pottery making,and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world.
14、predator n.捕食性動(dòng)物，掠奪者
【例句】
1）捕食性動(dòng)物
the relationship between predator and prey捕食性動(dòng)物與獵物之間的關(guān)系
2）實(shí)行弱肉強(qiáng)食的人（或機(jī)構(gòu)）；剝削者；掠奪者
to protect domestic industry from foreign predators保護(hù)本國工業(yè)不受外來剝削
同源動(dòng)詞：prey
【真題再現(xiàn)】
It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community,and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit,real or fancied,to itself.
15、strand n.一股，一縷，一部分；v.使滯留，使擱淺
【例句】
1）（線、繩、金屬線、毛發(fā)等的）股，縷
a strand of wool一股羊毛
2）（觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃、故事等的）部分，方面
The author draws the different strands of the plot together in the final chapter.作者在最后一章把不同的情節(jié)線索歸攏到了一起。
3）（海洋、湖或河的）岸，濱
4）使滯留
The strike left hundreds of tourists stranded at the airport.這場(chǎng)罷工使成百上千的游客滯留在機(jī)場(chǎng)。
5）使擱淺
The ship was stranded on a sandbank.船在沙洲上擱淺了。
【真題再現(xiàn)】
暫時(shí)沒找到
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